Method of manufacturing enameled bricks.



B. JACQUART. METHOD OF MANUFACTURING ENAMELED BRICKS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 21. 1915.

1,214,793. Patented Feb. 6,1917.

Inventor:

K mtty @NFFFD FATF PATENT @FFIZQE- BERNARD JACQUART, OF SOUTH RIVER, NEW JERSEY.

METHOD OF MANUFACTURING ENAMELED BRICKS.

Application filed. May 27, 1915.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BERNARD JACQUART, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of South River, in the county of MiddleseX and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of Manufacturing Enameled Bricks, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in the method of manufacturing bricks, and relates more particularly to a method of making enameled bricks which are comparatively thin, and which are intend-ed to be used at places in structures which in view of the iron and steel construction work, do not permit the use of the bricks of the usual standard sizes.

For this purpose, my invention consists in severing a portion of the brick from the brick-blank, so as to form a thin face por tion, then subjecting said thin face portion and the main or refuse portion of the brickblank to a pressure so that the thin face portion is forced against the main or refuse portion, then enameling the face portion, drying the same, baking the same, and then separating the thin face portion from the refuse portion.

For this purpose, my invention consists in the method of manufacture hereinafter described and finally pointed out in the claims, one embodiment thereof being illustrated in the accompanying drawing.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a side view of a clay former, forming a brick-blank, Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof, Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the brickblank formed into a plurality of individual bricks, and each composed of a thin face portion separated from the mainor refuse portion, Fig. at is a perspective view of an individual brick separated as described, Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the thin face portion after being separated from the refuse portion, Fig. 6 is a perspective v ew of a modified form of brick-blank, belng what is known as the American Flatter type, as distinguished from the American Standard, Fig. 7 is a perspective view or an individual brick separated therefrom, and Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the face portion separated from the refuse portion.

Similar reference numerals indicate corresponding parts throughout the various figures of the drawing.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 6, 1917.

Serial No. 30,733.

Referring to the drawing, and more particularly to Figs. 1 and 2, the brick-blank forming or auger machine is indicated by 10, which is operated by suitable mechanism not shown, and any suitable type of struc ture may be used, out of the orifice of which the brick-blank 11 passes. This brick-blank is delivered on a conveyer belt carrying same from the auger machine, which serves to move the brick-blank and wet clay in the direction of the arrow 13. As the material passes out of the orifice 12, it encounters a wire 14 held at the posts 15, and which wire is parallel with the table 16 and is a short distance from the orifice 12. This wire serves to separate the brick-blank into two parts, the upper thin face portion 18 and the lower blank or refuse portion 19, and these parts remain separated as the table 16 moves the brick-blanks in the direction of the arrow 13. At a suitable point, this brickblank is encountered by a separating mechanism or transverse cutting machine of wellknown type which utilizes a plurality of wires which move vertically to the aXis of movement of the brick-blankand separate the brick-blank into a plurality of individual bricks 20, 21, 22 and so on. The conveyer belt or moving table carries the brickblank before it reaches the transverse cutter, and carries the individual bricks after the transverse cutting has taken place. By the severance due to encountering the wire 14-, each individual brick thus formed has the lower portion 20 separated from the upper portion 20 The upper portion 20 is the face portion, and the lower portion 20 is the refuse portion. Each individual brick, composed of these two parts 20 and 20 for instance, is then placed into a mold, along the upper part of which a plunger is arranged, which plunger presses against the upper face portion 20 and presses this upper face portion 2O" against the lower or refuse portion 20*, as indicated by the arrows 24, pressing downwardly on the face portion, and meeting the reaction at the bottom of the mold, asindicated by the arrows 25. After suitable pressure has been applied, this brick, composed of the face portion 20 and the refuse portion 20 is then provided with enamel at its upper face 26, and the brick with the enamel thereon is then dried. Thereafter it is baked in kilns and subjected to intense heat. After the baking operation has been completed,

the face portion 20 is removed from the refuse portion 20 by a slight knock or jolt, the separation taking place very readily and quickly, leaving a very straight or uniformly serrated surface at the interior of the face portion and the exterior of the refuse portion, corresponding to the severance caused by the wire 14. This straight portion has the advantage of assisting the face portion to adhere to the refuse portion under the influence of the pressure brought to bear before burning, and also such a surface assists the cement in which the finished product is set to get a grip on the enameled brick. The face portion, with the enamel thereon and ready for use, is clearly shown in perspective view in Fig. 5.

In Figs. 6, 7 and 8 are shown views of the so-called American Flatter type, as distinguished from the above-describedAmerican Standard type. The operations for forming the two types are the same, the blanks comprising the lower refuse portion 27 and the thin face portion 28, upon which the enamel 29 is baked, Fig. 8 showing in perspective the finished product.

The refuse portion is again utilized in the manufacture of the clay for the brickblanks and because of its once having been burned, it forms an advantageous addition to the material to be used for the formation of the bricl'r-blanks as described.

The process as above described, enables bricks of comparative thinness to be produced, and enables these bricks to be utilized at special places in the construction of buildings. Heretoforc in the manufacture of such thin bricks, a warping resulted, which rendered the use of such bricks with the baking process useless.

By improved process, a thin brick is provided which is not in any manner warped by the baking process, and forms a very advantageous article of manufacture for the special uses for which it is intended. Notwithstanding the fact that considerable pressure is applied to the face portion, which results in forcing the face portion 20" against the refuse portion 20", the severance after the baking process takes place very quickly and readily. Furthermore, it is the vertical pressure after cutting and the intricate relation of the two parts, which prevents warpage of the face portion.

I claim:

1. The method of manufacturing bricks, in the wet or stiff mud process, which consists in wholly severing a face portion from the wet brick-blank, pressing the face portion in intimate contact against the remaining refuse portion of the brick-blank, simultaneously baking the face and remaining refuse portion while in pressed intimate contact with each other, and then after baking wholly removing the face portion from the remaining refuse portion, along the line of severance made while in wet condition.

2. The method of manufacturing enameled bricks, in the wet or stiff mud process, which consists in wholly severing a face portion from the wet brick blank, subjecting both the face portion and the remaining refuse portion from which the face portion was severed, jointly to the brick forming process, while the face portion and the remaining refuse portion are in pressed intimate contact with each other, then enamelingthe exterior face of the face portion, while in intimate contact with the refuse portion, drying both portions for drying the enamel, baking simultaneously both portions while in pressed intimate contact with each other, and then wholly severing the enameled face portion from the refuse portion along the line of severance made while in wet condition.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

BERNARD JACQUARI.

Witnesses Simmer, J. YA'rns, N. M. lVEIANT.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Eaten-ts.

Washington, D C. 

